Synonyms: Using Roots to Identify Synonyms - ISEE Lower Level: Verbal Reasoning

The word "admire" is perhaps so common that you will at first trick yourself into choosing the wrong answer. The word comes from Latin roots that are related to the word "miracle" and "miraculous." Miracles and miraculous things are things that arouse wonder, for they are unexpected and marvelous. When we "admire" someone, we find that person to be wonderful or out of the ordinary. This sense of marvel and wonder leads us to have respect for the person. Therefore, while we can perhaps say that admiration is more than mere respect, still among the answers provided, this is the best option for a synonym.

The prefix "sev-" or "sec_-_" often relates to cutting, so it makes sense that the word “sever” means to cut one thing off of another completely. The word “sprint” means to run quickly; the word “fix” means to mend or repair something; and the word “aid” means help.

The word "sanctuary" includes the root "sanct-," which is from the Greek for "holy." "Sanctuary" originally referred to a religious place of worship where people could not be arrested for certain crimes. Since then, the word's meaning has shifted to be more general, and today it is used to mean a place that offers comfort or shelter , sometimes associated with a particular religious group, so "shelter" is the correct answer.

The "grad-" part of "gradual" comes from the Latin for step or go; the English words "grade" (level of quality given to work being analyzed) and "gradation" (step or different level in a greater whole) also come from this same Latin word. It thus makes sense that “gradual” means s_tep-by-step_ or moving along slowly but consistently. This means that "slow" is the best answer choice. As for the other answer choices, "hurried" means happening quickly or rushed; “reckless” means not careful and potentially causing trouble due to lack of care; “wanton” means random; and “dynamic” means energetic and active.

The prefix "ab-" can mean away, so it makes sense that "abduct" means kidnap, as kidnapping someone can be thought of carrying them away without their permission. As for the other answer choices, “praise” means to say something nice about someone; “demonstrate” means show or, more specifically, show by doing; “exceed” means go beyond or do more than is necessary; and “accord” means agree or not argue.

The prefix "co-" means together, so it makes sense that a "collision" is a crash or impact. “Hint” means suggest something indirectly; “grasp” means grab onto; “assist” means help; “amend” means change, edit, or fix.

The Greek root "patr-" means relating to fathers or being a father, so it makes sense that "paternity" means fatherhood.

The "aud-" in "audience" derives from the same Latin roots as "audible" (able to be heard) and "audio" (recorded sound, often specifically the sound that often accompanies video). So, since "aud-" means having to do with hearing, it makes sense that an an “audience” is a group of people who are listening to and watching a show or reading a text-based work, making "listeners" the best answer choice. “Musicians” are people who play music and “performers” are people who perform in some sort of show or entertainment. So, an “audience” listens to the “musicians” or watches the “performers.”

The "fract-" part of "fracture" stems from the same roots as the words "fraction" (a portion of a whole) and "frangible" (breakable), so it makes sense that "fracture," when used as a verb, means break something hard. The word is often used to describe breaking a bone. "Break" is thus the answer choice closest in meaning to "fracture." As for the other answer choices, "include" means consider as part of a group; “bemoan” means complain about; “describe” means use words to share information about the characteristics of something or someone; “represent” means show using a visual or textual medium or stand in for.

The prefix "du-" means relating to two of something; it is found in words like "duet" (song for two singers or musical piece for two performers), "dual" (having two of something), and "duel" (a fight between two people in which specific rules are followed, often arranged because one competitor has somehow deeply insulted the other). Thus, it makes sense that "duo" means a pair. “Triplets” are sets of three of the same thing or three babies born at the same time to the same mother; a “trifecta” is a group of three great things working together; a “quartet” is a team of four.

The prefix inter- means between and the suffix -sect means cut. So, to "intersect" is to cut in the middle of something, to make a cut between two things. This is closest in meaning to "divide" which means to split, to cut in half. Additionally, "outlaw" means ban, forbid; "replenish" means refill, fill something up; "remain" means stay; "outline" means give a summary of something, show the main points.

The prefix contra- means against and the suffix -dict means speak. So, to "contradict" means to speak against, to argue. Additionally, "vent" means express frustration, let off steam; "vend" means sell; "waver" means to be unsure of oneself and frequently be changing one's mind.

The prefix vis- means see, sight and the suffix -ible means able to be. So, "visible" means able to be seen. This is closest in meaning to "clear." Additionally, "dense" means thick; "acute" can mean sharp, clever or severe, intense or it can describe an angle in mathematics that is less than ninety-degrees; "obtuse" can mean stupid, not clever or it can describe an angle in mathematics that is more than ninety-degrees, but less than one-hundred-and-eighty-degrees; "parallel" means in line with , a line that runs alongside another line.

The root -cis- means cut. As in "concise" which means cut to the point, exactly to the point. So, an "incision" is a cut made in something.

The prefix pro- means push and the suffix -pel means forward, through. So, to "propel" means to push forward or simply to push. Additionally, "gather" means collect; "replace" means get a new version of something else, take the old place of; "donate" means give to (charity).

The prefix clar- means clear and the suffix -ify means to make into. So, to "clarify" something means to make it clear, to make it able to be understood. This is closest in meaning to "explain." Additionally, "salvage" means rescue, save, particularly save from being thrown away; "hesitate" means delay, pause; "inquire" means ask about, question; "occupy" means take up the space of.

The word "verify" comes from the Latin for true. The word "very" means truly, and the "verdict" in a court case is the statement of truth (at least how it is judged to be true). Thus, to "verify" means to prove to be true. The best option given in this question is to confirm. When something is "confirmed," we know that it is the case. (Indeed, the word itself helps to express this sort of meaning—it proves that something is firm or certain.)

The word "inspect" is related to words like "spectator" and "spectacles." A "spectator" is someone who watches something (like a football game), and "spectacles" are glasses that we use to help our vision. The root "spect-" often has this sense of meaning to look at. Thus, to "in+spect" means to look into something. It means that you look into the details carefully. This is best expressed by "investigate."

The options given for this question are all verbs. When someone "wonders" at something, he or she is amazed by it. For example, we could say, "He wondered at the beauty of the sunset." This means that he was amazed by it. Amazement can also be called admiration. Indeed, the word "admire" comes from the same roots as the word "miracle", meaning something wonderful. Thus we can "admire" something in the same way that we can "wonder" at it.