Ovaries and Testes
MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems · Learn by Concept
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MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems › Ovaries and Testes
The luteal surge in females results when there is an increase in the concentration of __________ which, subsequently, __________ the concentration of estrogen.
luteinizing hormone . . . increases
luteinizing hormone . . . decreases
follicle-stimulating hormone . . . decreases
follicle-stimulating hormone . . . increases
Explanation
In a female, the luteal surge occurs during the menstrual cycle. Its main function is to increase the concentration of luteinizing hormone, or LH. LH is released in both males and females and its main function is to increase the concentration of testosterone in males and estrogen in females; therefore, the luteal surge in females increases the concentration of LH, which causes an increase in estrogen.
What hormone functions to prepare the uterus for fertilization and produces menstrual bleeding if fertilization does not occur?
Progesterone
Estrogen
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Explanation
Progesterone functions to prepare the lining of the uterus for implantation of the egg, and also produces menstrual bleeding if pregnancy does not occur.
Estrogen induces the development of female sex characteristics. Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates the synthesis and secretion of estrogen. Luteinizing hormone stimulates progesterone production. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone controls the release of follicle-stimulating hormone.