Polarization - MCAT Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems

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Question

Unpolarized light passes through three polarizing filters. The angle between the first and second filters is 45o. The angle between the second and third filters is also 45o. What is the relationship between the intensity of light emerging from the third filter, , and the incident intensity, ?

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Answer

Going through the first filter, the intensity of initially unpolarized light decreases by 1/2, so . For each filter after the first, the intensity decreases by an additional factor of , where is the angle between adjacent polarizers. So, after the second filter, we have can see that . Similarly, after the third filter, we have .

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