General Care - NCLEX-PN
Card 1 of 456
Which of the following hydrotherapy treatment might be most beneficial for a repetitive stress injury?
Which of the following hydrotherapy treatment might be most beneficial for a repetitive stress injury?
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Hot and cold contrast therapy consists of submerging the painful joint in hot water for 5-10 minutes, then submerging it in cold or icy water for 30 seconds, then back to hot for three cycles. This treatment reduces pain and inflammation and is common in sports medicine. Infrared saunas use radiation to heat the sauna, rather than typical saunas, which primarily use convection. Both are effective for pain relief and relaxation. Hot fomentation can be used to decrease swelling and provide relief from pain due to menstrual cramps. Warming socks are used as a hydrotherapy treatment to increase circulation and raise body temperature, which can help when fighting infection.
Hot and cold contrast therapy consists of submerging the painful joint in hot water for 5-10 minutes, then submerging it in cold or icy water for 30 seconds, then back to hot for three cycles. This treatment reduces pain and inflammation and is common in sports medicine. Infrared saunas use radiation to heat the sauna, rather than typical saunas, which primarily use convection. Both are effective for pain relief and relaxation. Hot fomentation can be used to decrease swelling and provide relief from pain due to menstrual cramps. Warming socks are used as a hydrotherapy treatment to increase circulation and raise body temperature, which can help when fighting infection.
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Which of the following homeopathic remedy is indicated for acute urinary tract infection with intense dysuria and frank hematuria?
Which of the following homeopathic remedy is indicated for acute urinary tract infection with intense dysuria and frank hematuria?
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Cantharis is indicated in urinary tract infections with frequency, dysuria, and frank hematuria. Patients may also experience flank or back pain, restlessness, and anxiety. Bryonia is used for pains associated with cold and flu. Medorrhinum has been used to treat urethral discharge in male patients with gonorrhea. Calcarea carbonica can be used to treat physical fatigue and muscle atrophy due to malnutrition and/or infections such as mononucleosis.
Cantharis is indicated in urinary tract infections with frequency, dysuria, and frank hematuria. Patients may also experience flank or back pain, restlessness, and anxiety. Bryonia is used for pains associated with cold and flu. Medorrhinum has been used to treat urethral discharge in male patients with gonorrhea. Calcarea carbonica can be used to treat physical fatigue and muscle atrophy due to malnutrition and/or infections such as mononucleosis.
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Which of the following homeopathic remedy is most commonly indicated for post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Which of the following homeopathic remedy is most commonly indicated for post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
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Apis is the most common remedy given for post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. The patient may be restless and heat intolerant. Other common symptoms are back pain worse in the area of the left kidney and pain or pressure on stooping. Berberine may be used for heart failure, skin burns, and some bacterial infections. Natrum sulphuricum is used to treat liver and gastrointestinal problems. Also, it may be used for headaches, and asthma. Palladium may be used for headaches too.
Apis is the most common remedy given for post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. The patient may be restless and heat intolerant. Other common symptoms are back pain worse in the area of the left kidney and pain or pressure on stooping. Berberine may be used for heart failure, skin burns, and some bacterial infections. Natrum sulphuricum is used to treat liver and gastrointestinal problems. Also, it may be used for headaches, and asthma. Palladium may be used for headaches too.
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Which of the following herbs has hypnotic (sleep-inducing) properties?
Which of the following herbs has hypnotic (sleep-inducing) properties?
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Passion flower has been studied widely for its uses as a sleep aid. It is also anxiolytic, and has been used to treat abdominal pain and GI upset, arrhythmia and hypertension, and topically for burns and hemorrhoids. Note: passion flower is not safe in pregnancy as it may stimulate uterine contractions. Chicory can be used for its toxicity to internal parasites, namely intestinal worms. Goldenseal may be used as a remedy for the common cold and/or upper respiratory infections. Licorice may be used to treat inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Passion flower has been studied widely for its uses as a sleep aid. It is also anxiolytic, and has been used to treat abdominal pain and GI upset, arrhythmia and hypertension, and topically for burns and hemorrhoids. Note: passion flower is not safe in pregnancy as it may stimulate uterine contractions. Chicory can be used for its toxicity to internal parasites, namely intestinal worms. Goldenseal may be used as a remedy for the common cold and/or upper respiratory infections. Licorice may be used to treat inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Which of the following mind-body practice has been shown to increase both T-cells and natural killer cells?
Which of the following mind-body practice has been shown to increase both T-cells and natural killer cells?
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All of these mind-body therapies have been shown to increase the activity of natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells.
All of these mind-body therapies have been shown to increase the activity of natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells.
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Which of the following herbs can block Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors and decrease peripheral conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3)?
Which of the following herbs can block Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors and decrease peripheral conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3)?
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Lycopus virginicus (bugleweed) and melissa officionalis (lemon balm) have both been shown to inhibit conversion of T4 into T3 in the peripheral tissues, and have been used to treat mild cases of hyperthyroidism. The other herbs listed have no specific effect on peripheral thyroid hormone conversion. Berberis vulgaris is used to treat respiratory conditions, and infections such as the cold and flu. A_pium graveolens_ has been used to treat pain. Panax ginseng has been used as a stimulant, and to treat sexual dysfunction in men. S_ymphytum officinale_ has been used to treat gout, and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Zea mays may help treatment of skin diseases. S_ambucus nigra_is best used to treat upper respiratory infections.
Lycopus virginicus (bugleweed) and melissa officionalis (lemon balm) have both been shown to inhibit conversion of T4 into T3 in the peripheral tissues, and have been used to treat mild cases of hyperthyroidism. The other herbs listed have no specific effect on peripheral thyroid hormone conversion. Berberis vulgaris is used to treat respiratory conditions, and infections such as the cold and flu. A_pium graveolens_ has been used to treat pain. Panax ginseng has been used as a stimulant, and to treat sexual dysfunction in men. S_ymphytum officinale_ has been used to treat gout, and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Zea mays may help treatment of skin diseases. S_ambucus nigra_is best used to treat upper respiratory infections.
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Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) leaf is used for all of the following except .
Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) leaf is used for all of the following except .
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Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) leaf extract contains antagonists of the histamine-1 (H(1)) receptor, thus decreasing symptoms of allergic rhinitis and sinusitis. Nettle leaf extract also contains factors that inhibit mast cell tryptase, preventing degranulation and release of a host of pro-inflammatory mediators that cause the symptoms of hay fevers, and inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and hematopoietic prostaglandin D(2) synthase. As a nutritive, nettle leaf is an excellent source of vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, and calcium. Nettle leaf has shown no benefit in treatment of psoriasis, though it may help to correct any underlying nutritional deficits.
Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) leaf extract contains antagonists of the histamine-1 (H(1)) receptor, thus decreasing symptoms of allergic rhinitis and sinusitis. Nettle leaf extract also contains factors that inhibit mast cell tryptase, preventing degranulation and release of a host of pro-inflammatory mediators that cause the symptoms of hay fevers, and inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and hematopoietic prostaglandin D(2) synthase. As a nutritive, nettle leaf is an excellent source of vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, and calcium. Nettle leaf has shown no benefit in treatment of psoriasis, though it may help to correct any underlying nutritional deficits.
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Which of the following homeopathic remedy is indicated for irritable, colicky infants who cry frequently and arch their back and who are only soothed by bouncing or pressure (such as swaddling)?
Which of the following homeopathic remedy is indicated for irritable, colicky infants who cry frequently and arch their back and who are only soothed by bouncing or pressure (such as swaddling)?
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Children needing chamomilla are hot, irritable, and very sensitive to pain. Infants are prone to colic and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). They will often arch backwards when crying, and will be soothed when bounced, carried, patted, or swaddled. These infants experience difficult dentition and will chew their fingers before teething.
Arsenicum album and calcarea carbonica are both more often indicated for chilly babies that are prone to anxiety, while arnica is generally given for people who have experienced some sort of dissociative shock from a physical or emotional trauma.
Children needing chamomilla are hot, irritable, and very sensitive to pain. Infants are prone to colic and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). They will often arch backwards when crying, and will be soothed when bounced, carried, patted, or swaddled. These infants experience difficult dentition and will chew their fingers before teething.
Arsenicum album and calcarea carbonica are both more often indicated for chilly babies that are prone to anxiety, while arnica is generally given for people who have experienced some sort of dissociative shock from a physical or emotional trauma.
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What are three good food sources of copper?
What are three good food sources of copper?
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Sesame seeds, cashews, and green leafy vegetables have among the highest levels of copper per serving. Other foods high in copper include crimini mushrooms, organ meats, shellfish, and beans. All of the other foods listed are low-copper foods, often recommended for patients with disorders of copper metabolism, such as Wilson's disease.
Sesame seeds, cashews, and green leafy vegetables have among the highest levels of copper per serving. Other foods high in copper include crimini mushrooms, organ meats, shellfish, and beans. All of the other foods listed are low-copper foods, often recommended for patients with disorders of copper metabolism, such as Wilson's disease.
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The nurse is caring for a patient with severe agoraphobia. What area of the hospital should the nurse avoid with the patient?
The nurse is caring for a patient with severe agoraphobia. What area of the hospital should the nurse avoid with the patient?
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A patient with agoraphobia has a fear of wide-open spaces.
A patient with agoraphobia has a fear of wide-open spaces.
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A 4-year-old child is admitted to the hospital after his family was in a car crash, where his parents died. The child keeps asking you to bring his parents back to life. The nurse knows that:
A 4-year-old child is admitted to the hospital after his family was in a car crash, where his parents died. The child keeps asking you to bring his parents back to life. The nurse knows that:
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This is a normal reaction for a young child, who may not fully understand death. These requests are not necessarily indicative of delusion or depression.
This is a normal reaction for a young child, who may not fully understand death. These requests are not necessarily indicative of delusion or depression.
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When reviewing a client's chart, the nurse sees that the doctor identified that the client is experiencing a situational crisis. An event that could cause this is:
When reviewing a client's chart, the nurse sees that the doctor identified that the client is experiencing a situational crisis. An event that could cause this is:
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Abortion is a common cause of a situational crisis. Retirement may cause a maturation crisis, and child abuse and rape may cause an adventitious crisis.
Abortion is a common cause of a situational crisis. Retirement may cause a maturation crisis, and child abuse and rape may cause an adventitious crisis.
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The nurse is caring for a patient with severe acrophobia. What area of the hospital should the nurse avoid with the patient?
The nurse is caring for a patient with severe acrophobia. What area of the hospital should the nurse avoid with the patient?
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A patient with acrophobia has a fear of heights, thus exposure to exposed levels or other significant drop-offs will scare the patient.
A patient with acrophobia has a fear of heights, thus exposure to exposed levels or other significant drop-offs will scare the patient.
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The client in the termination phase of the nurse-client relationship is being very confrontational. How should the nurse interpret this behavior?
The client in the termination phase of the nurse-client relationship is being very confrontational. How should the nurse interpret this behavior?
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Confrontational behavior is very common for a client in the termination phase. The nurse should not assume that she offended the client, and further action in terms of therapy should not be addressed until completing the termination phase.
Confrontational behavior is very common for a client in the termination phase. The nurse should not assume that she offended the client, and further action in terms of therapy should not be addressed until completing the termination phase.
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The nurse is in the orientation phase of the nurse-client relationship where the client has been sexually assaulted. During this phase, the nurse should:
The nurse is in the orientation phase of the nurse-client relationship where the client has been sexually assaulted. During this phase, the nurse should:
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During the orientation phase the nurse should establish acceptance, trust, and boundaries with the client, which will be built upon in later phases.
During the orientation phase the nurse should establish acceptance, trust, and boundaries with the client, which will be built upon in later phases.
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Acceptance, trust and boundaries are established during which phase of the therapeutic nurse-client relationship?
Acceptance, trust and boundaries are established during which phase of the therapeutic nurse-client relationship?
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Acceptance, trust, and boundaries are established in the orientation phase of therapy.
Acceptance, trust, and boundaries are established in the orientation phase of therapy.
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The nurse cares for an immobilized patient on the surgical floor. Which of the following nursing considerations is essential for preventing ulcerations?
The nurse cares for an immobilized patient on the surgical floor. Which of the following nursing considerations is essential for preventing ulcerations?
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There are many possible complications from immobilization. Decubitus ulcers are one of these complications. It is essential to turn and reposition the patient at least every 2 hours while also maintaining skin integrity with skin care. Many other complications may result from immobilization and each have specific, related nursing considerations. Immobilization can result in desensitization and disorientation, so it is important to orient the client frequently. A well-balanced diet can promote better nutrition to prevent osteoporosis, negative nitrogen balances, and hypercalcemia from being bed-bound. Compression stockings and TED hose are essential to prevent thrombus formation from stagnant blood flow in the lower extremities, which may lead to pulmonary emboli. Coughing and deep breathing is important to prevent the stasis of respiratory secretions, which could lead to hypostatic pneumonia.
There are many possible complications from immobilization. Decubitus ulcers are one of these complications. It is essential to turn and reposition the patient at least every 2 hours while also maintaining skin integrity with skin care. Many other complications may result from immobilization and each have specific, related nursing considerations. Immobilization can result in desensitization and disorientation, so it is important to orient the client frequently. A well-balanced diet can promote better nutrition to prevent osteoporosis, negative nitrogen balances, and hypercalcemia from being bed-bound. Compression stockings and TED hose are essential to prevent thrombus formation from stagnant blood flow in the lower extremities, which may lead to pulmonary emboli. Coughing and deep breathing is important to prevent the stasis of respiratory secretions, which could lead to hypostatic pneumonia.
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The nurse cares for a patient receiving an intravenous transfusion of gentamicin through an IV catheter in the patient’s left hand. Upon assessment, the nurse notices blanching and swelling at the site of the IV catheter, and the patient states he is feeling 8 out of 10 pain and it is “burning." In what order should the nurse perform the following tasks?
The nurse cares for a patient receiving an intravenous transfusion of gentamicin through an IV catheter in the patient’s left hand. Upon assessment, the nurse notices blanching and swelling at the site of the IV catheter, and the patient states he is feeling 8 out of 10 pain and it is “burning." In what order should the nurse perform the following tasks?
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The nurse must recognize these signs and symptoms as potential extravasation, where a vesicant medication such as gentamicin, penicillin, dilantin, or chemotherapy has been given. It is essential to first stop the infusion and remove the insult. The nurse must then aspirate the remaining medication in the catheter to reduce the amount of exposure to the vesicant. The nurse can then remove and discontinue the catheter and notify the primary care provider.
The nurse must recognize these signs and symptoms as potential extravasation, where a vesicant medication such as gentamicin, penicillin, dilantin, or chemotherapy has been given. It is essential to first stop the infusion and remove the insult. The nurse must then aspirate the remaining medication in the catheter to reduce the amount of exposure to the vesicant. The nurse can then remove and discontinue the catheter and notify the primary care provider.
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The emergency room nurse cares for a patient reporting pain in the lower back. The client tells the nurse, “I have taken three 500-milligram tablets of acetaminophen every three hours since last night, but the pain hasn’t gone away.” Which of the following clinical manifestations in the patient most concerns the nurse?
The emergency room nurse cares for a patient reporting pain in the lower back. The client tells the nurse, “I have taken three 500-milligram tablets of acetaminophen every three hours since last night, but the pain hasn’t gone away.” Which of the following clinical manifestations in the patient most concerns the nurse?
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The nurse should be concerned about acetaminophen toxicity, as the recommended daily dose of acetaminophen is 4 grams for adults, and this patient has exceeded this amount. (Three 500-milligram tablets every three hours is equal to 12 grams in a 24-hour period.) Acetaminophen toxicity may manifest with nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours and right upper quadrant abdominal pain afterwards due to liver damage. Tinnitus, high blood pressure, and diarrhea are not symptoms of acetaminophen poisoning. An international normalized ratio (INR) of 1.1 is within normal limits, but may be trending upwards, as the liver is responsible for producing clotting factors. Liver function tests should always be done when acetaminophen poisoning is suspected; aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) values above 
suggest hepatic damage.
The nurse should be concerned about acetaminophen toxicity, as the recommended daily dose of acetaminophen is 4 grams for adults, and this patient has exceeded this amount. (Three 500-milligram tablets every three hours is equal to 12 grams in a 24-hour period.) Acetaminophen toxicity may manifest with nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours and right upper quadrant abdominal pain afterwards due to liver damage. Tinnitus, high blood pressure, and diarrhea are not symptoms of acetaminophen poisoning. An international normalized ratio (INR) of 1.1 is within normal limits, but may be trending upwards, as the liver is responsible for producing clotting factors. Liver function tests should always be done when acetaminophen poisoning is suspected; aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) values above
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The oncology nurse cares for a patient receiving morphine sulfate 
IV push q4h for pain. Which of the following most concerns the nurse?
The oncology nurse cares for a patient receiving morphine sulfate
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The nurse should be aware of potential complications of morphine sulfate, which can cause respiratory depression. Therefore, a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute should most concern the nurse (the normal limits are 12-18). The heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation are within normal limits. A patient on morphine sulfate should complain of pain, and although a pain level of 7 out of 10 requires attention, the respiratory depression takes priority.
The nurse should be aware of potential complications of morphine sulfate, which can cause respiratory depression. Therefore, a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute should most concern the nurse (the normal limits are 12-18). The heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation are within normal limits. A patient on morphine sulfate should complain of pain, and although a pain level of 7 out of 10 requires attention, the respiratory depression takes priority.
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