Analogies: Determining Meaning from Prefixes - SSAT Elementary Level Verbal

The prefix sub- means going under, beneath so a “submarine” is something that travels under water and a “subway” is something that travels underground. The suffix -marine often suggests at a relationship with water.

"Loyal" is an antonym of "disloyal," so you need to pick out an answer choice that is an opposite of "dull." "Dull" can mean either boring or not sharp, so "exciting" is the correct answer, because "exciting" is an opposite of "boring." To help you, "munificent" means generous; and "guilty" means feeling bad about something bad that you did.

A triangle is a three-sided shape, so to solve this analogy, you have to determine how many sides a square has. The correct answer is that a square has “four” sides. The prefix "tri_-"_ usually means that the word will relate in some way to the number three.

The prefix "un-" means not. "Unreal" means not real, or "fake," so "unreal" and "fake" are synonyms because they have the same meaning. To solve the analogy, you need to pick out an answer choice that means the same thing as "uncertain." "Uncertain" means not certain or unknown, so "unknown" is the correct answer.

"Separate" means to divide things or set things or people apart. So, "separate" and "pull apart" are synonyms because they mean the same thing. That means that to solve the analogy, you need to pick out an answer choice that means the same thing as "combine." To "combine" means to put different things together into a single thing. (The prefix "com-" means together.) So, "put together" is the correct answer.

You can use a rug to cover the floor, so to solve this analogy, you need to pick out an answer choice that is something you can use to "enclose" an area. "Enclose" means close off from all sides, so you can use a fence to enclose an area. That means that fence is the correct answer.

The prefix "uni_-" means related to the number one, and the prefix ­"tri-"_ means related to the number three. So, for example, a “triangle” is so named because it has three sides and three angles, and a “tricycle” is called such because it has three wheels, as opposed to a "bicycle," which has two wheels and a “unicycle,” which has one wheel. In this example, "­uni-"is the prefix that tells you the word is related to the number one, and "cycle" tells you the word is related to something with wheels. Since a unicycle has one wheel and a tricycle has three wheels, "three" is the correct answer.

“Juvenile” means young or immature. So, to solve this analogy, you have to determine which answer choice is closest in meaning to "old." The correct answer is “ancient.” The prefix ­"juv-" means having to do with youthfulness and immaturity. To provide further help, “terminate” means end and “terminal” means causing an end or causing death. As you can see, the prefix "term-" means related to ending. To provide additional clarification, a “patriarchy” is a society dominated by men and a “matriarchy” is a society dominated by women. The prefix "patr-" means related to men and the prefix "matr-" means related to women.

“Paternal” means relating to fatherhood. So, to solve this analogy, you have to figure out which of these answer choices means relating to motherhood. The correct answer is “maternal.” The prefixes "pat-"and "mat_-_" usually suggest that the word will be related to men and related to women, respectively. As for the other answer choices, “matrimony” means marriage and “augment” means enhance or make better.

“Primary” means coming first or occurring first, so to solve this analogy, you have to determine which number is associated with the word “tertiary.” The correct answer is “three.” Although the prefix ­"ter_-" is a little different than the prefix ­"tri-_," they both mean related to the number three.

The prefix "mono­_-_" means related to the number one, and the prefix "poly-" means related to more than one or related to many. In this instance, that information would be enough for you to solve this problem. However, further clarification will be helpful for other problems. A “monosyllabic” word is a word that has one syllable, and a "polysyllabic" word is a word that has more than one syllable. So, "red" and "blue" are each monosyllabic words, and "yellow" and "color" are each polysyllabic words.

“Triplets” are three children born at the same time, of the same mother. The prefix tri- means related to the number three. To solve this analogy, you have to determine what word is used to describe five children born at the same time, of the same mother. The prefix ­_-quin_ means related to the number five, as does the prefix pent-; in this instance, the correct answer is “quintuplets.”

“Sanctify” means to make holy, so to solve this analogy you have to determine which of these answer choices means to make strong. The correct answer is “fortify.” If you were unable to answer this question immediately, it would become helpful to use your knowledge of prefixes. The prefix sanct- means related to holiness or tranquility, and the prefix fort- means related to strengthening or protecting. To provide further help, “vulnerable” means in danger from something specific; “impotent” means powerless; “desirable” means able to be desired, wanted.

“Ailing” means in pain, sick or suffering, so it is a synonym for “hurt;” therefore, in order to solve this analogy you have to find the best synonym for “rejuvenating;” the correct answer is “healing.” To help you figure this out, the prefix ail- means related to sickness or pain and the word fragment -juve- means related to youth or, in this instance, related to regaining youth and health. To provide further help, ancient means old.

The prefix cent- means related to the number one hundred. A “centipede” is an insect that has one hundred legs, so to solve this analogy you have to determine what a “century” has one hundred of. The correct answer is “years,” there are one hundred years in a “century.”

The prefix non- negates the meaning of the word that comes after it, so “nonsense” is opposite in meaning to “sense.” Likewise the prefix un- serves a similar purpose, so someone who is “friendly” is opposite to someone who is “unfriendly.” The key to answering this question is to know which prefix is appropriate to use in this individual case. To provide further help, amiable means friendly and sociable.

The prefix non- means related to the number nine. A “nonagon” is a nine-sided shape. To solve this analogy you have to determine which number is related to the prefix hex-, the correct answer is “six.” A “hexagon” has six sides.

To be “charming” is to be pleasing in an attractive way. “Charming” is also the opposite of “repelling.” You can tell that the opposite of “attractive” is “unattractive,” as it has the prefix "un-," which usually adds the meaning not to a word. To help you, “disinterest” is a lack of concern or little concern, and “disarming” means tending to remove any feelings of unfriendliness or distrust,so it is similar to “charming.” “Contrary” means _being the exact opposite of something else_or not favorable or helpful, and“amoral” is having or showing no concern about whether behavior is morally right or wrong.

The key to linking these words is to look at their prefixes. “Overwhelmed” is to be overcome with feelings, whereas “underwhelmed” is to have a lack of feelings for something. The equivalent of pair of words for "educated" would be “overeducated” and “undereducated.” To further help you, if something is “educational,” it can be used to teach something, “uneducational” is the opposite of this. A person who is “educated” has learned information to a significant degree. If you are “re-educated,” you are taught the same information again or you are taught new information which is different from what you had previously been taught.